By: Ms. Sisca Devianti
Education for girls and women in Indonesia has advanced significantly over time. In the past, notably during Dutch colonial rule in Indonesia, access to education was extremely limited. Girls were generally expected to take on household responsibilities and marry early, while learning opportunities were mainly available to boys and largely reserved for the wealthy. Nevertheless, Raden Ajeng Kartini played an important role by promoting women’s right to education, which inspired early reforms and progress.
In contrast, at present, girls are legally entitled to attend school, with the majority completing primary and secondary levels. Moreover, an increasing number of women are pursuing university studies and entering professions such as medicine, law, and business. However, challenges still remain, particularly in rural areas where economic hardship and early marriage may limit opportunities. Despite these issues, ongoing efforts continue to improve access and promote gender equality in education.
From a global perspective, Indonesia is more advanced than countries such as Afghanistan, where girls face severe restrictions in education. Similarly, in South Sudan, low female literacy rates persist largely due to conflict and poverty. However, Indonesia still trails behind nations like United Kingdom and Australia, where gender equality in education is more firmly established.
Overall, educating girls brings multiple benefits for both individuals and society. On a personal level, it equips them with essential knowledge and skills, enabling them to make more informed decisions. In addition, education increases access to employment, allowing women to achieve financial independence. It also leads to improved health outcomes, as educated women are more likely to understand healthcare and nutrition. At a national level, women contribute to the economy by increasing productivity and reducing poverty. Furthermore, educated women are more likely to send their children to school, creating a positive cycle across generations.